Greek mythology, the collection of stories relating to the gods, people, and rituals of the ancient Greeks and Classical antiquity. That the myths had imagination as one of its key elements was admitted by the Greek thinkers who were more perspicacious, such as the philosopher Plato lived in the 5th-4th century BC. but in general, the popular piety of the Greeks perceived the myths as representations of the truth. Greek mythology was later to some extent the reason for the rich impact on the arts and literature of Western civilization that received many of the Greek cultural benefits and thus its successors are of enduring attraction. Even though the people of all ages, parts of civilization, and most countries throughout history have developed myths reflecting natural phenomena, eventful lives of gods and heroes, or sought to legitimize social or political establishments, the Greek myths have no match in the Western world as artistic sources of captivating and inspiring ideas. The relationships of poets and artists from ancient times to now to Greek mythology are basically through myth as the creative story that they have derived their inspiration from and they have established the significance of current events and myths.
The 5th-century-bce Greek historian Herodotus had the opinion that Homer and Hesiod introduced the character of the Olympian gods to the local people as they familiar with to the people. Almost no one in the present day would believe that this was literal. In the first book of the Iliad, the son of Zeus and Leto is as instantly identifiable to the Greek reader by his patronymic as are the sons of Atreus (Agamemnon and Menelaus).
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